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Flamingo one foot9/28/2023 Why do we care? This study was a fun inquiry that revealed how different standing on one leg is for a flamingo compared to a person. They can easily and for long periods hold what for us would quickly become a very uncomfortable squat pose – without using their muscles much at all. Since muscles aren’t active in a deceased animal, we interpreted this to mean that muscles must be activated for a flamingo to maintain a two-legged, but not a one-legged, posture.īefore our investigation, we might have assumed that it required a lot of muscle energy for a flamingo to stand on one leg. If we held the cadaver leg more upright – that is, more vertical when viewed from the front, resembling the posture when flamingos stand on two legs – the body was no longer stable. When the leg was angled inward (viewed from the front) like a one-legged pose, the joints became very stable. The angle of the cadaver leg when viewed from the front resembled the inward tilt we observe when the live animals are standing on one leg. Our findings show that gravity, along with specializations in flamingo anatomy, plays an important role in helping the animals stay stable on one leg without locking their joints, which may allow them to escape rapidly if necessary. Chang and Ting, Biology Letters Gravity plus anatomy do the job When we tried to manipulate the body, we found that the joints were quite stable in resisting the pull of gravity, but that the joints could be easily moved in the other direction.Įven in flamingo cadavers, the leg joints were very stable when tilted forward and backward. When we tilted the body forward and backward by up to 45 degrees, the body configuration was stable, with the knee keeping a right angle. If you hold it up by one leg like a lollipop at just the right angle, it passively adopts a body configuration that looks like a flamingo standing on one leg. While the actual mechanism is still unclear, we made an unanticipated discovery from a flamingo cadaver. Finding no clear demonstrations, we decided that we needed to do our own study of flamingo morphology – that is, the bird’s structural features, and how they function together. How was this happening? We turned to anatomical reports and skeletons of flamingos to see if we could find evidence of biomechanical stabilizing mechanisms that help flamingos easily stand on one leg. Chang and Ting, Biology Letters, CC BY-ND There was very little displacement while the bird had its eyes closed, a bit more while alert and still, and even more while alert and moving. We set out to find whether flamingos relied mostly on passive biomechanics or active nervous system interventions to stand on one leg.Ī visualization of the center of pressure (CoP) displacement and velocity underneath a flamingo’s foot as it stood on the force plate. Hanging bats and perching birds have evolved passive mechanisms for grasping that allow them to sleep without fear of losing their grip. Other animals, such as horses, have evolved passive stabilizing mechanisms to allow them to sleep while standing. Many animals have evolved ways of moving that minimize the amount of energy they expend, whether it’s the pendular mechanics of penguins waddling and gibbons swinging through the trees or the bouncing mechanics of cockroaches. ![]() ![]() Flamingo legs (like other birds) are constantly in a state of “bent knees,” so there is the potential for large muscular energy expenditure, or muscular effort, necessary to support their body weight. Imagine holding a squat posture with your thigh horizontal and your knee at a right angle – you’d quickly feel the burn. When you stand in line at the grocery store, you don’t stand with your knees bent – that would require you to expend a huge amount of energy to activate your leg muscles. And if it was fatiguing for flamingos to stand on one leg, why would they switch between one leg and the other instead of standing on two legs? If there were an added energetic cost for standing on one leg, it would not make much sense for flamingos to save on thermal energy loss only to lose on muscular energy expenditure. This theory is based on the idea that standing on two legs is more fatiguing than standing alternately on one leg and then the other, but no one has ever directly tested that.Ī large proportion of the metabolic energy any animal expends is due to activating muscles as they stand up against gravity and control movement. Standing on one leg would presumably cut the energy lost to heat in half.Īnother hypothesis is that standing on one leg reduces muscle fatigue by giving one leg a rest while the other supports the body. Some people thought it was to conserve body heat lost by standing in cold water. The bulk of a flamingo’s mass sits half a meter above the ground, on a single, slender leg.
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Death spiral ants9/28/2023 ![]() "You'd think spiral-induced mortality would be selected against, that ants would have evolved a counter-measure to such obviously maladaptive behavior. It's an odd phenomenon, but the more interesting question - from an evolutionary point of view, is why haven't ants over time learned to Un-spiral? Alex Wild, the photographer biologist whose blog, Myrmecos, I'm paraphrasing here, points out that getting into circular death traps is not exactly the best way to get your genes into the future. ![]() Her 'lead' role seems entirely random one moment she's moving along behind some other ant, then she just steps into a gap at a random moment, turns and without intention, the Death Spiral begins. Time-independent solution to the equations that resembles the death spiral.If you watch it a couple of times you can find the "lead" ant inadvertently causing the trouble, but the 'leader' isn't a Napoleon type commanding the troops she's an accident. The death spiral was first observed by scientist W.M Wheeler in his lab as he studied the ant species E. In this paper, we construct aĬontinuous random walk model based on diffusion-advection partial differentialĮquations that combine memory and reinforcement. The ant death spiral, otherwise known as an ant mill, is a bizarre phenomenon wherein a group of army ants follow each other in a circle continuously until they somehow manage to break out or unfortunately, die of exhaustion. These aggressive insects have a dangerous tendency to. However, real biological motion is a result of aĬombination of both memory and reinforcement. John Platt Updated Augallgord / Getty There's a price for blindly following those in front of you. In this article, we’ll learn more about death by ants as we. The 'ant death spiral' is a phenomenon noted seemingly only in army ants, which unlike other kinds of ants do not make permanent nests and are always on the move while theyre alive. The world’s deadliest ant for example can kill a grown human within 20 minutes. They can either swarm humans or kill them with venom-injecting stings. More likely to continue along its line of motion than change its direction.īoth memory and reinforcement have been studied independently in random walks In fact, ants are associated with several cases of death around the world. The video went viral after a recent repost, where responses included one from Elon Musk. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright. In a random walk with memory, a particle is A phenomenon where army ants follow each other in circles, sometimes until they die and thus known as an ant death spiral was captured on camera at a university in Venezuela. This phenomenon has been replicated in the lab and. Random walk, the path taken by a moving particle is influenced by the previous This cycle is commonly known as the death spiral because the ants may eventually die from exhaustion. ![]() 1 The phenomenon is a side effect of the self-organizing structure of ant colonies. It has been reproduced in laboratories and has been produced in ant colony simulations. Occurred on J/ Costa Rica'Attack of legionary ants, also known as army ants or marabunta, to a wasp honeycomb. ![]() Using reinforced random walks and random walks with memory. This circle is commonly known as a 'death spiral' because the ants might eventually die of exhaustion. They can do this by producing pheromones that act as a guide. Ordinary motions of many ant species and certain slime molds, can be modeled Ants of various species can be seen in Costa Rica streaming through the jungle in huge numbers. Web ant death spirals break only when enough workers accidentally blunder away, creating trails that lead the spiraling workers to safety. Until they all drop dead from exhaustion. Have you ever encountered an Army Ant Death Spiral Also known as an ant mill, its a freaky phenomenon where a cluster of army ants. Spiral, in which each ant follows the one in front of it in a never-ending loop Download a PDF of the paper titled Exploring the Ant Mill: Numerical and Analytical Investigations of Mixed Memory-Reinforcement Systems, by Ria Das Download PDF Abstract: Under certain circumstances, a swarm of a species of trail-laying ants knownĪs army ants can become caught in a doomed revolving motion known as the death
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Make it or break it season 2 episode 149/27/2023 I’m guessing they probably axed this amazing show over crappier ones such as Secret Life, and basically almost everything in their stupid lineup because of the production cost involved. I say this because after the Atlanta ’96 Games, I got really hooked into watching gymnastics as a result of them. I agree with everyone :( It seems like a wasted opportunity too… One would think that after the actual Summer Olympics 2012 (no pun intended -Candace Cameron Bure you rock!), people will be revved up to watch a show about gymnastics/chasing the Olympic dream, garnering interest in the show and higher ratings. Which TVLine Items have you talking today? ReelzChanel has ordered a second season of Steven Seagal’s drama series True Justice.Margo Martindale, Doris Roberts and Ken Howard were also set to star. ABC has decided to shelve its comedy pilot Counter Culture following last week’s on-set injury of star Delta Burke, Deadline reports.Smith-Cameron ( True Blood) and newcomer Adelaide Clements have joined the drama, which centers on the yet-to-be-cast Daniel Holden who, after 19 years in prison for rape and murder, is released when new DNA evidence comes to light. Per Deadline, Abigail Spencer ( All My Children), Clayne Crawford ( The Glades), Jonah Lotan ( Generation Kill), J. Sundance Channel’s upcoming hour-long scripted series, Rectify, has cast the first of its characters. ![]() ![]() Starring David Morrissey and Sandra Oh, the series centers on a detective who possesses “an unhinged desire” to discover the identities of killers. Encore will debut its two-part crime drama, Thorne: Sleepyhead and Thorne: Scaredy Cat, on Tuesday, June 12 and Wednesday, June 13, respectively.Sterling Sulieman ( Vampire Diaries, All My Children) will play the cousin of the deceased (?) Maya in the upcoming third season of Pretty Little Liars, per.Season Finale Spoilers: Scoop on 52 Big Finishes ! TVLine Items: I Am Groot Sets Season 2, Little Mermaid Hits Disney+ and More
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Sample of manuscript writing9/27/2023 ![]() (And if they do, it’s an indication the book was self-published.). Notice the extra space between the paragraphs of this blog post? Manuscripts shouldn’t have those because published books customarily don’t. Set your word processor to double space using this button: That will result in such garbled formatting that it’s an almost automatic rejection. You do not want to accomplish this by hitting Enter at the end of each line. This is an example of double spacing, as opposed to the single spacing of the rest of this blog post. This means your manuscript will a space between lines, like this: Here’s how to change your font, if necessary, using the same procedure we used to change the type size: Choose Times New Roman, and you can’t go wrong. Serifs are those small projects that finish off a letter, as in Times Roman type. Use a Serif Font:įonts are the various designs of typefaces. You can apply this same procedure to any editorial change you wish to make in an entire file at a time. ![]() To format your document all at once, press and hold Ctrl and press A to select the whole document, then use the font change box to change all the text. Make sure your formatting is set to 12 by clicking this button in Word. ![]() Twelve-point is the size of the text (letters an inch high would be 72-point type). Here’s more detail on each of these rules to help you understand how to format your manuscript in Microsoft Word. It should be the same size and font as the rest of the text. Your title should be about a third of the the page from the top and centered. The header should appear on each page after the title page.Īdditionally, agents and publishers want your name, email, address, and phone number in the top left and word count to the nearest hundred in the top right of your title page. Create a header with the title followed by your last name and the page number.If you choose to add a line between paragraphs to indicate a change of location or passage of time, center a typographical dingbat (like ***) on the line.Text should be flush left and ragged right, not justified.Indent each paragraph half an inch (setting a tab, not using several spaces).Use a serif font the most common choice is Times Roman.For more detail, refer to the “Implementing Formatting” section. If they wanted to change them, they can do it easily.Īs for how to layout your manuscript pages and determine their look, following certain general rules will make your manuscript look professional. If you’re submitting to one who specifies, naturally you want to give them what they want.īut some don’t give instructions beyond “standard manuscript format.” Then your best bet is to make your own choices, but be sure you’re consistent.įor instance, if you write out numbers between zero and nine and use digits for any after that, do it the same way every time. What size font? What typeface? How are numbers rendered - as digits or written out? Manuscript Formatting GuidelinesĮach agent and publisher may have slightly different submission guidelines - some specifying that they prefer The Chicago Manual of Style or the AP (Associated Press) Style, and some offering style specifics of their own. This includes things like whether the lines are single- or double-spaced. What is Formatting?įormatting is how your manuscript looks. Getting Started: What is a Manuscript?Ī manuscript is your work of fiction or nonfiction that you submit to a publisher or agent in the hope that someone will turn it into a published book. Need help writing your book? Click here to download my ultimate 20-step guide.
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![]() If you are a citizen of a country with a tax treaty with the United States (such as the United Kingdom), you should complete IRS FORM W-8 to claim exemption from the U.S. This statement should include your passport number, date and place of birth, country of residence, and the name and address of the authority to which taxes are paid. citizen, you should prepare a signed statement to be sent to the United States with the bonds. Send the signed and certified bonds to either of these addresses:įederal Reserve or Bank of Pittsburgh Bureau of the Public Debt P.O. It can take up to three months for receipt of payment. If the name in your passport differs from that on the bond, you must present evidence of a name change, such as a marriage certificate.Īfter your signature has been witnessed, the bonds should be forwarded for payment to the United States. You must present a passport as proof of identification. ![]() You can execute a request for payment at the Embassy, by appointment only. A dollar check will then be mailed to the owner of the bonds. The owner must execute a request for payment in the presence of a qualified witnessing official and then mail the bonds to an appropriate authority in the United States. Savings Bonds cannot be presented for immediate payment while the owner is abroad. Savings Bonds, see also has this handy Savings Bonds calculator. Saving Bondsįor general information on U.S. ![]() If your documents are not ready for signature, you may be asked to make a new appointment.Įxample of a Sworn Statement/Affidavit form (PDF 84Kb) Certification of U.S. We cannot assemble your documents for you or provide legal advice on their preparation. Bring instructions from the end user in the state of jurisdiction. Please bring your documents fully completed, without any missing pages, assembled and ready for notarization. A consular officer cannot explain it to you. Ensure that you understand the contents of the document.
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Sunbeam mandolin kitchen slicer manual9/27/2023 Kitchen appliances can really help you live the lifestyle that you want. Kitchen Appliances FAQ's What kitchen appliances do I need? Additionally, all our kitchen and cooking appliances have been chosen for their combination of high quality and low price tag, so you're always getting the best value for your money. ![]() We also have small appliances like toasters, sandwich pressers and microwaves to make quick and tasty meals whenever you need them. And don't forget our coffee grinders and kettles that allow you to indulge in a café lifestyle at home for a fraction of the cost. We have blenders and juicers for whipping up your favourite shakes, smoothies and other liquid concoctions that can deliver all the energy and nutrition you need in one tasty hit. Our kitchen cookers, which include air fryers and mini ovens, are designed using the latest innovations in frying, roasting and baking, leading to healthier dishes that aren't saturated in excess oil and fat. What kitchen appliances can I find in the range?ĭiscover our wide range of kitchen electrical appliances to make home life easier! This includes: At Spotlight we stock appliances from leading brands such as Mistral and Tefal. That's why our select range of kitchen appliances facilitates speedy food preparation, while ensuring everything tastes delicious and is good for the whole family. Today's households require new kinds of kitchen appliances that cater to the needs of everyone, from busy, health-conscious individuals to highly creative home chefs. Shop Great Value Kitchen Appliances at Spotlight
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Tom clancys xdefiant9/27/2023 ![]() As of right now, however, this is the only way to get into the XDefiant Closed Test. Registering signs you up for news and live phase updates for XDefiant, and it gives you a chance at the Closed Test. The Closed Test begins on August 5, and it should be noted that registering doesn’t guarantee that you will get in. Don’t be shocked if you don’t get a confirmation email that you’ve joined the Closed Test (at least right away), as I received no such email myself after signing up. Tom Clancy’s XDefiant is a free-to-play multiplayer competitive shooter coming to PlayStation 5, PlayStation 4, Xbox Series XS, Xbox One, and Ubisoft Connect, Luna, and Stadia, with full cross-play available at launch. Once that is done, you’re all set, and you can even change your platform if you decide to do so. You will need an Ubisoft account (uPlay will work) to register, and if you haven’t verified your email address you’ll be asked to do so. Once you’re signed in and have picked your platform, that should be all that’s required. Players who want to take part in the XDefiant Closed Test will need to complete the following steps: 3.4K 155K views 1 year ago XDefiant Gameplay Ubisoft Ubisoft's new Tom Clancy's Game developed by the SnowDrop Engine, is a Free-To-Play, Fast-Paced Competitive 6v6 Arena FPS on PC, PS4. Today Ive got XDefiant gameplay, analysis, breakdowns, and ju. The game is set to enter a Closed Test on August 5, and here’s how interested players can sign up to take part. Tom Clancys XDefiant was revealed this week by Ubisoft, looking to be one of the next entries in the Tom Clancy universe, and several game modes are already confirmed.The new game will be a first-person shooter in the vein of Rainbow Six Siege, but will draw more inspiration from the Call of Duty franchise in terms of gameplay. XDefiant gameplay which is the FPS from Ubisoft set in the world of Tom Clancys The Division. The Outcasts is a Healer class that appears in Tom Clancys The Division series. ![]() The Outcasts are composed of the bitter Roosevelt Island quarantine survivors, they are hell-bent on revenge against society because they were placed in a forced quarantine that was poorly run and killed many. The project evolved into a team-based title in the same vein as Call of Duty. Today Ubisoft revealed a new game called Tom Clancy’s XDefiant, a competitive arena shooter that will be free to play. Outcasts is a faction set to appear in XDefiant. Ubisoft’s new FPS title, XDefiant, was born out of the Tom Clancy universe but has since moved on.
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![]() Even though, most trial software products are only time-limited some also have feature limitations. After that trial period (usually 15 to 90 days) the user can decide whether to buy the software or not. Trial software allows the user to evaluate the software for a limited amount of time. Demos are usually not time-limited (like Trial software) but the functionality is limited. In some cases, all the functionality is disabled until the license is purchased. Demoĭemo programs have a limited functionality for free, but charge for an advanced set of features or for the removal of advertisements from the program's interfaces. In some cases, ads may be show to the users. Basically, a product is offered Free to Play (Freemium) and the user can decide if he wants to pay the money (Premium) for additional features, services, virtual or physical goods that expand the functionality of the game. This license is commonly used for video games and it allows users to download and play the game for free. ![]() There are many different open source licenses but they all must comply with the Open Source Definition - in brief: the software can be freely used, modified and shared. Programs released under this license can be used at no cost for both personal and commercial purposes. Open Source software is software with source code that anyone can inspect, modify or enhance. Freeware products can be used free of charge for both personal and professional (commercial use). In short, if you're looking for a lite but powerful media player that can handle any file format and respects your privacy, Media Player Classic - Home Cinema is definitely worth a go.Freeware programs can be downloaded used free of charge and without any time limitations. What's more, Media Player Classic - Home Cinema doesn't collect user data, so you can be confident that your privacy is protected. The program is open source, which means that its code is accessible to the public, ensuring that there are no hidden features or spyware. The best part of Media Player Classic - Home Cinema is its commitment to user privacy and security. It also supports 4K and 8K video playback, putting it at the forefront in terms of video quality. These include hotkey customization, a full-screen mode option with zoom controls, support for subtitles, and many more. Media Player Classic - Home Cinema also has several advanced features not found in most common media players. This ensures that you'll be able to play your favorite media files immediately after installation. No additional codec downloads are required, as it has its own internal codecs. Whether they are video files, audio files, CDs, DVDs or even more uncommon formats, Media Player Classic - Home Cinema can handle them easily. This player is known for its ability to play a wide variety of multimedia file formats. With a design reminiscent of the classic players, Media Player Classic - Home Cinema has modern features and a high performance that outperforms many of its competitors. Its simplicity and efficiency make it the perfect choice for those looking for a hassle-free media playback experience. Media Player Classic - Home Cinema is an extremely lite and versatile media player for Windows.
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Devil daggers reddot9/27/2023 Number of achievers: 9 verified on AStats (1.8 percent on Steam) Of course, that hasn't stopped some unscrupulous Steam users from setting their computer clocks forward to unlock the achievement early.Ĭheating to not play a game? I guess some people will do anything for their sweet cheevos.Īddict - You have wasted a year of your life playing GMod! Since The Stanley Parable released in October 2013, no one can legitimately earn this achievement until October next year. In addition to an achievement simply entitled 'Unachievable' (paradoxically earned by 3.9 percent of players), there's the 'Go outside' achievement that tasks players with not playing the game for five years straight. The Stanley Parable's weirdest elements, however, are definitely its achievements. And that's not to mention the pointed commentary on the nature of free will and the human tendency towards obeisance. I mean, one of the game's endings involves running back and forth between two buttons for four hours. Odd, however, is what The Stanley Parable's all about. It's a little odd, then, when a game actively encourages you not to play it. Games are meant to be played-we usually take that much for granted. Number of achievers: 2 verified through AStats (6.9 percent on Steam) Go outside - Don't play The Stanley Parable for five years Not quite as rare as a game with motion controls that don't feel like total garbage, but still… The backlash to 'SIXTH.SENSE' drove the devs to delete the achievement from Steam completely, which technically makes it one of the rarest achievements out there. The BIT.TRIP devs found that out the hard way with the game's 'SIXTH.SENSE' achievement, which required players to beat a level using Razer's short-lived Sixense motion controller. Still, locking an achievement to a specific piece of hardware is a surefire way to tick off achievement hunters. Sure, it makes driving games a bit twitchy, and performing combos in third-person action games can be tricky without analogue sticks, and fighting games don't always work so great, and stealth sequences tend to be a little wonky with WASD… Heresy! An achievement that requires ditching the holy mouse and keyboard for a filthy gamepad? What does BIT.TRIP BEAT take us for, console players? Everyone knows a good M+K combo is the only way to play. MEAT.BOY SMELLS - Get a perfect in 1-1 using only a game pad. Any game where you can avert the End Times through hygiene is a winner in my book. I've not had the time to play Crusader Kings 2, but after reading this story, I think I'm going to have to clear my schedule. The Prophet then hanged himself, but not before sending the player a letter that read: 'If you are reading this letter, I am with God, or with Lucifer., if so, then you were right. A Crusader Kings player going by the username Xolotl123 on Reddit, however, inadvertently earned themselves the achievement due to their investment in high-quality hospital care and their imprisonment of the Prophet for disturbing the peace. Ostensibly, you unlock this achievement by surviving the rise of the Prophet of Doom and the Black Death he's convinced will destroy humanity. The one I want to shout out, though, is the 'Not so Bad' achievement awarded for surviving the End Times. ![]() From installing a female ruler in the five baronies of the Orthodox Pentarchy, to trampling the Pope with a horde of elephants, over a dozen eclectic achievements are currently sitting at a completion rate of less than 0.1 percent. When the apocalypse hits and the whole world goes to hell, I'll be the redshirt incinerated in the first ten seconds.Ĭrusader Kings 2, champion of the grand strategy genre, is full of intricate, multi-layered achievements few players have managed to unlock. I could probably spend the next year playing nothing but Devil Daggers and still not come close to the graceful death-dealing of players like the world-record-smashing bowsr. Watching replays of those runs is equal parts mesmerizing and depressing, making it painfully clear just how amateur my own skills are. Despite the game selling for a mere fiver, just 0.1 percent of players have managed to avoid croaking for the 8 minutes and 20 seconds necessary to snag the 'Devil Dagger' achievement. Surviving Devil Daggers is a wee bit tougher than running out the clock in real life. That last 500 seconds? I just survived that.īut yeah. That might seem odd given how simple its requirement sounds: all you have to do is survive for 500 seconds. For something you could complete in the downtime between Dota matches, frantic FPS Devil Dagger's one and only achievement has managed to defy 99.9 percent of players for well over a year now.
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Aluminum reactivity with air9/27/2023 ![]() AlN, GaN, and InN have wurtzite structures analogous to cubic BN, but show no analogue of the graphite-type structure of BN.There are many aluminum metallo-organic compounds of the type A1XR, where X may be oxygen. Gallium, indium, and thallium dissolve readily in acids, but thallium dissolves slowly in H 2SO 4 and HCl. Aluminum does not react with aldehydes, ketones, or quinones. Recap the reactivity series of metals and how its used to predict the outcomes of reactions with air, water and steam as well as extracting aluminium. ![]()
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